Immunization schedule prescribed by doctors should be looked at periodically, so that no appointment is missed. Information on the vaccines is given below. It is important to know the details on optional vaccines (prior to appointment) before deciding what vaccines to be given to your child.
Vaccine facts
BCG: Vaccine against tuberculosis. So far this vaccine has been effective, with 50% to 80 % success rate in preventing serious forms of tuberculosis. Following immunization, tee injected site shows no visible change for several days. Subsequently, a small pustule appears at the site after 2-3 weeks which increases in size to about 4-8 mm by 5 weeks. This pustule is not painful. This finally bursts and heals in 6-12 weeks. No intervention is needed.
DPT: Vaccine is against Diphtheria, Pertussis (Whooping cough) and Tetanus. This may cause mild fever, pain and swelling at the site of injection. A Small painless lump may remain at the site for a few weeks. Diphtheria is a serious infection that affects the throat, mouth and nose.
Pertussis is a bacterial infection that affects the lungs and causes severe cough that can last several months.
Tetanus is an infection caused by bacteria found in dirt and soil. They make the muscles go into spasm and can prove fatal if the breathing muscles are involved.
Polio: Vaccination is against the polio virus. There are two forms of vaccine, oral (OPV) and injectable (IPV). Multiple doses of OPV are necessary before 90-95 % of children develop an immune response. With IPV, nearly 100% of children develop an immune response. As per IAP guidelines, all children getting IPV will also be given OPV.
HiB (Hemophilus influenzae B): Vaccination is against Hemophilus influenzae B bacteria. Majority of the infection cased by this bacteria happen before two years of age. It can cause serious infectionsof the throat, brain and lungs.
Hepatitis B: vaccination is against the Hepatitis B virus. The purpose of this vaccine is to prevent chronic liver infection and subsequent development of liver cancer
MMR: Vaccine is against Measles, Mumps and Rubella.
Typhoid vaccine: Vaccination is against typhoid bacteria. If typhoid TCV is used - Booster dose is to be given one year later. If typhoid vi polysaccharide vaccine is used- Booster dose will be needed every 3 years
Varicella vaccine/Chicken Pox vaccine is against chicken pox. It is a highly effective vaccine against chicken pox.
Hepatitis A vaccine is against Hepatitis A virus. This virus is particularly known to cause jaundice in children and is known to spread through contaminated food and water
Pneumococcal vaccine: The pneumococcal bacteria is known to cause serious lung and brain infections.
Rotavirus vaccination is against Rota virus, which is the common cause of diarrhea in children. This oral vaccine prevents serious form of diarrhea. Two or three doses of this vaccine are now recommended.
Which vaccine to be immunized at what time
- At Birth
- BCG , OPV 0 , Hep B-1
- 6 weeks
- DTwP1 / DTaP 1 , HiB 1
- Hep B-2 , IPV 1
- Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine 1
- Rotavirus vaccine 1
- 10 weeks
- DTwP2 , DTaP 2 , HiB-2 , IPV 2
- Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine 2
- Rotavirus vaccine 2
- 14 weeks
- DTwP3 , DTaP 3 , HiB-3 , IPV3
- Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine 3
- Rotavirus vaccine 3
- 6 months
- Hep B-3 , OPV 1
- 9 months
- MMR 1 , OPV 2
- 10 months
- Typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV)
- 12 months
- Hepatitis A 1
- 15 months
- MMR 2 , varicella vaccine 1
- Pneumococcal Vaccine booster
- 16 to 18 months
- DTwP / DTaP (Booster 1)
- Hib Vaccine (Booster 1)
- IPV (Booster 1)
- 18 months
- Hepatitis A2
- 2 years
- Typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV)
- 4 to 6 years
- OPV 3 , DTwP / DTaP booster 2
- MMR 3 , Varicella 2
- Typhoid vaccine booster
- 10 to 12 years
- T dap/ Td
- HPV
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